Atomizer.



lit

o wide-mouthed bottle or vesselb EIIIHU R. PETTIT, O1 PHILDEIJPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

. ATOMIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent-ed July 14, 1914.

Application filed December 1, 1911. Serial No. 663,275.

'1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Emim R. Ps'r'rrr, a citizen of the United States, residing in lhiladel )hia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Atomizers, of which the following is a specification.

()ne object of my invention is to produce a continuous spray from anatomizer when in operation, not onl when the elastic bulb is being COlllPlQSSOt but also during the period when the pressure. is removed and the bulb is being refilled with air, and to continue the spray so long as the elastic force of the compressed air continues after the, bulb is no longer operated.

A further object of my invention is to reduce the inconvenience and cost of continuous siray atomizers by the use of only one bulb instead of two.

A yet further object of my invention is to cllect diversion of the excess of air forced from the bulb, into the combined air and liquid receivers, in such manner, b the arrangement of the air tubes in re ation to each other, as not to interfere with the force of the air ro elled in a strai ht direction to the nozz e, the air so diverte being compressed in the receptacles, to be utilized automatically as needed to produce a continuous spray. By this arrangement also, in connection with the other iunrovements as hereinafter specified, the particles of liquid are broken up into a fine spray.

In the description of my invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding parts in the several figures are designated by corresponding characters.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the atomizer, with parts in position for operating; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the air tubes and top or cap of the atomizer; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the nozzle and liquid tube, and Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the same, both enlar ed.

is a wide-mouthed.bottle or receptacle into which any desired liquid may be laced to br, utilized in the form of spray, is a prefe'rabl made of glass but which may e of meta enerally cylindrical in shape, having a liange a at its mouth, a small opening at or near its lower end, and another small opening at its side near the to This bottle B is made to fit very loosely inside the mouth of the bottle A, and when so placed it is a little short of being in contact with the bottom of the bottle A, and is supported bv its flange a resting upon the rim of said bottle A, but referably with a suitable intervening was ier ol both to prevent. breakage and also so that when clamped moderately firmly in roper position no air can escape from the ottle A except through the small vent c, (the object of which is hereinafter described) so long as there shall he suilicient liquid in the bottles to )roduce a spray. The opening b while small, must he sullieiently large to permit the free escape of the liquid from the bottle B into the bottleA, by ressure of the air above it when compresse and vice versa, so that when the atomizer is in o eration the height of the columns of liqui in the two vessels will be varying constantly.

C is a metallic band or collar surrounding and securely fastened to the neck of the bottle A,and having a projecting portion above the mouth of the bottle with a thread on its inner side corresponding to the screw thread of the cap.

D represents the air tubes and cap or top of the atomizer shown as cast in one piece, f being the portion suitably formed to retain the elastic tube II, when stretched over it, and G is the bulb attached to the tube ll and containing a valve at each end of the bulb as commonly used in atomizers, g is a tube continuation of the outlet for the air from the bulb in a strai ht line or direction, to which tube 9 the tu e h is securely fastoned. The nozzle I is removable, and attached to the tube It by thread and screw.

j is the air tube through which the excess of air from the bulb G passes to the inner bottle B through the cap D in such manner or relationshi as not to interfere with the force of the (ircct current of air from the bulb to the emerging point in the nozzle.

1 is a washer of suitable material between the upper surface of the flange a and the lower part of the cap D and n is the air tube frrm the inner bott e B to the straight air tu e g.

a is a vent in the side of the bottle 13 apparatus provides, the "air is forced in a .Thcliquid will pass through the o )ening'b quent'ly -will 'in the bottle near the to through which air communication is had etween the airchamberportions of the bdttls-IA and B5. f

0 is'a small tube extending from near the bottom of the bottle 13 through the tubes n, g, h to the opening of the nozzle to carry'" the liquid to that point.

I represents the nozzle, having the forward, ortion of its inner surface tapered towiirr the central opening p to 'act as a guide for the triangular end of the liquid tube 0, so as to brin the latter always to a central position in the nozzle.

To operate the atomizer the liquid re-- quircd is poured-into the outer bottle A until it is very nearly full, if so much be desired, but never above a short distance below the vent c of the bottle B when the latter is in position. The inner bottle B is then placed within the bottle A, its flange a resting upon the washer d at the mouth of the latter.

and rise until the two columns of iquid in the'outer and inner bottles are at'the same lcvcl. The combined air tubes and cap D with the nozzle I in position are then screwed or fastened in place so as to ress moderately firmly upon the flan e o the inner bottle B, with'or without t e second washer 1 between, so that no air can escape except through the outlet or channel provided for the purpose. The bulb G is then compressed, and, as the construction of the straight line or direction, and'therefore with the least resistance, to the nozzle I and through the outlet 1), passing on a'll sides of the liquid tube-o, and tending to produce a vacuum as it escapes through'the opening 7). 13y this means the liquid is drawn'through the inner tube 0, and meeting the air being forcibly expelled from the nozzle it is'converted into a fine spray as it emerges. The exc'essof air from the bulb, by ancaus of the second tithe-so connected as not to interfere with the force of the current in the first tube is diverted to the inner bottle '13 with the least. possible resistance, as described, From the bottle B there is provided a free csca e for'the air through the tubes n, h, where the current may combine with the direct current of air in tube ,'to the extent that the force of the current will permit: but it escapes throu h this means principally when the lHIllYIS released from pressure to permit it to become refilled. During the compression of 'thebulh the air cannot escape from the nozzle as rapidly as it is forced from the The excess is therefore divcrted' through the tube 7' into the inner bottle B within which it becomes compressed by the force exerted upon the bulb G, and conse-' Eress upon the column of liquid 1 I tending to force it downward andthrough the opening b, into the outer bottle A. The column of liquid in the outer bottleAthus becomes greateras that in the 1 inner {bottle-B {becomes Jess. Theuir above thislliqu id havin no means of escape except through the s nafi vent c also compressed. The "bulb being released from pressure, the Compressed air in the outer bottle acts upon the column of liquid beneath it, and forces it downand into the inner bottle throufigh the openi'ngb, and as the liquid rises in tic imier'lnittleit t'ends't'o keep up the compression or increased elasticity of the air above it while it forces the current through the tube n, It, and through the'outlct of the nozzle,thus-continuing to produce the spray in-the interval while the bulb is refilling. Thus the inner and outer columns of liquid act and-react upon each other alternately as the bulb is compressed and released as dcscribed, and by this constant action and reaction the spray is made continuous withut the use and expense of a second :elastic mulb.

The more nearly full of liquid the bottles are, the less the air s nice above them. hence, when nearly full, -t 1e air =in 'these spaces must become more compressed to produce the desired action upon the inner and outer columns of liquid, as there is greater weight of liquid to be displaced to i'roduce the action and reaction of these co uinns of liquid upon each other. Conversely, the less the amount or (uantity of liquid in the bottles, the larger the air spaces above them, and a less amount (if-compression of this air will cause the columns of liquid to act and react upon each-other, there being, weight of liquid to be displaced. \Vheu the bottlcs are nearly full very little movement of the columns of liquid is noticeable; while, when .they are nearly empty, the movement is rapid and the height of the two columns will .vary greatly, but when the bulb is released from'pressure for refilling, and the com- [)l'OSStX air within 'thetwo chambers is thus permitted to act. fully, as the action and reaction otthe two colunms of liquid upon each other are equal, the amount of force upon the air passing through the nozzle duriug the interval of refilling is practi- 'cally uniform whether the bottles are nearly full or nearly empty, therefore the continuity and finances of the siray produced :are maintained equally whether the bottles are nearly full or nearly empty, and at all the varying degrees between.

It is not improbable that while the bulb is being compressed, and bv this means the excess of air in the inner bottle is also compressed and acting upon the column of liquid so as to tend to compress'the air in the outer bottle as described, that this compression is aided'so'mewhat by the'forcilileentrance 0f air through the vent 0 into the outer bottle, but ast'his vent'is' small, this aid,if any,

Sll

uid in the inner bottle,

supply of air being cut off) t the bulb is no longer spray is less effective.

'producing a very fine as 15 mediatcly deposited .50 ducing apparatus than such as in :an be but slight. It is manifest, however, that if there were no air vent between the two bottles and the whole force of the compressed air acted upon the column of liqthe result would be practically the same. Actual tests have shown this to be true, and therefore this vent seems to be'unneeessary, but practical tests have also shOWn this is true while the 10 atomizer is continued in action but that when the spray is no lon r desired, and

. the compression of the bulb 1s no longer continued, the

pressure of the compressed air in the outer ttle is so great, Sthe continued mat the liquid escapes from the nozzle in a stream instead of a. spray. The vent 0 permits the equalization of the pressure'in the two battles to take place more rapidly so that the liquid 20 continues to escape 11s spray so long as there is sufficient force in the elasticity of the confined air to produce it. The sole object of this vent is, therefore, to prevent the liquid from escaping in a stream when being compressed.

In the single-bulb atomizers in common use, when the bulb is released from pressure for refilling, the force of the compressed .air in the bottle is very rapidly diminished.

30 so that the spray rapidly becomes more coarse, and the liquid often falls from the nozzle in drops, before the compression of the bulb is resumed, thus causin both inconvenience and waste, while t e coarse By the atomizer herein described there is the largest quan- 'tity of air utilized (with greater compression because confined within a smaller space) upon the smallest quantity of liquid, thus spray, which is much more likely to be carried by inhalation to remote parts of the bronchial tubes or lungs, and to penetrate the cavities of the nose, instead of being imupon the proximate tissues, as with the ordinary single bulb atomizers.

It is obvious that the principle of my invention may be applied to other ray-proicatcd in for spraying rooms, etc, but in advisable to have a.

the drawing. as, for example, trees for disinfecting such cases it. would be main reservoir attached well as continuous from which an adu ditional supply of liquid could be admitted into the outer vessel as required, without taking the apparatus apart.

It 18 also obvious that the said invention is capable of various modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention.

claim:

1. In an atomizer, wide mouthed bottle the combination of a for the liquid with an inner wide mouthed bottle supported by anair-tight joint and of'such capacity as to contain a considerable body of liquld, the two bottles affording air chambers at their upper ends, said inner bottle having a small opening at its lower end through which there is free communication and circulation of the li uid from either bottle to the other, a bulb i0! forcing air into the air chamber of the inner bottle, and a discharge nozzle in communication with the liquid contents of the inner bottle, said inner bottle having a small opening in its side near the top through which there is communication between the air chambers of the two bottles to permit the rapid escape of the air from the outer bottle when the bulb is not being compressed, said liquid acting as a piston to compress the air in the outer bottle when the air in the inner bottle is being co1npressed by compression of the bulb.

In an atomizer, the c mbination of the inner and outer bottles whose lower portions are in communication with each other, with a cap having air tubes, one extending in a straight line between the air inlet and the nozzle, and two others diverted downwardly from said straigh tube to the inner bottle, one from a point ad acent to the air inlet opening and the other from a point farther along in the straight tube.

3. In anatomizer, the combination of the nozzle having a tapered bore, an air supplying tube communicating therewith, and a liquid-supplying tube having a forward portion of olygonal cross section which tube, at its orward end, contacts with the tapered bore of the nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I have signedmy name to this specification, in the presence of two s1, )scribing witnesses.

VVitnesst-s:

KATE A. Bmmm, Hamil/rot; l). TURNER. 

